Hello everyone, how are you today, this is Marc. In English there are a lot of grammar rules however there are myriad
of exceptions in these series I'm going to talk about those exceptions so
let's start with what you don't know about the present perfect
The present perfect I love this tense why because it
represents our lives I always say to my students present perfect is something
that happened in the past and has an effect in the present and there is a hint
of the future so it represents our lives actually and we usually use this
tense with verbs such as live work study so thing you do repeatedly in your
life yes the first point that I want to talk
about is actually this the past and the present yes this tense has an action
that happened in the past but has an effect in the present yes it refers to
events that are relevant now but happened in the past let's take a look at
my examples: he's moved to another city that's why he can't come to the party
so which action happened first ? he has moved right he's moved to another
city so this happened first and the action that is relevant now is he can't
come to the party yes he can't come to the party that's why
he has moved so it's an action that happened in the past and is relevant now
another example people always share the best advice they've ever received which
action happened first ? they've ever received
so somewhere somewhere in the past they received a message or advice and is relevant
now because I said people always share so present simple, people always share
this is with the present simple and that's why we use the present simple and then
the present perfect because it's an action that happened in the past, but
has an effect in the present this is the first point about the present perfect
now let's take a look at the second point yes the present perfect is used
when reporting the news that's right so let's suppose I'm a journalist and I'm telling you
this is the example: The labor union have decided to go on strike next week - have decided they've
organized they have organized a demonstration to protest against cuts so
these are present perfect and this is a piece of news and I'm giving you and
that's why we use the present perfect now the third point I divided into three
parts why ? because we are talking about the present perfect simple and the present
perfect continuous let's take a look at first point then, present perfect simple
vs. present perfect continuous one present perfect
simple is a finished action present perfect continuous is unfinished, let's take a
look at my examples: she has made in cake this means that is finished that she
made a cake one minute ago, and it's finished, when I use the present perfect is not important
when but it is important the action, now the second one is with the present
perfect continuous, she has been making a cake for the last hour here there is an
indication for the last hour that it continues right so it's not finished she
has been a cake for the last hour, now the second point of the third of the third
point that I want to talk about is the present perfect is used the present
perfect simple and continuous, is used with how long: how long have you studied English for ?
okay and this may be finished we don't know but probably it's finished versus how long
have you been studying English for ? and it still going on right because we said
that the present perfect continuous is for actions that still continue up to now
now the third point I listed here is with since and for - remember that since
and for can also be used with the past simple but generally speaking we use it
with the present perfect - present perfect simple or present perfect continuous like
answering to the question before right how long have you studied English for ?
I've studied English for five years - I used FOR to indicate a period for
five five years - so I don't study English anymore right yes - the second one: how
long have you been studying English for ? I've been studying English since
and this is a precise time, since 2015 so that means that person is still learning
English right or studying English - so FOR for a period
of time and SINCE for specific time - if you want to watch a lesson on these
points or these grammar rules you may click here - the fourth point that I want
to talk about are adjuncts of duration what are they ? they're words like briefly
long temporary overnight etc they indicate duration of time actually so the
two examples: We've left that town forever - so forever here is the adjunct of duration
forever we've left we have left that town forever with we're not saying when we're
saying just forever which is an adjunct of duration another example: I've always
always is the adjunct of duration I've always liked the way you smile.
okay I've always liked and again this is used with a present perfect right ? and
with the adjunct of duration ALWAYS now there is another expression that we use
and we use it in the present perfect: it is it is the first time that is the first
time or this is the first time plus the present perfect so the example here: it's the first time
she's been to Rome. It's the first time she's been to Rome. And here is an indication of
a past action - now I'm going to erase this and I'm going to show you two other points on
the present perfect - right so you're back with the two last points that I want to talk
about today the first one is when we use one yes sometimes WHEN can use with a
present perfect - yes I'm sure you heard that WHEN is used with the Past Simple
generally but there are exceptions we use WHEN with a present perfect for
example let's take a look at my two examples - when you've finished your test
hand it in - so this is the first conditional and here the present perfect has a hint of
the future that's why previously, I said that the present perfect can have a hint of
the future - the second example they'll apply for a job when they've
prepared well the questions asked - They'll apply for a job and here is a
future the second part of the first conditional which is the result when
they've prepared well the questions asked - and in this case we have
they've prepared and there is the hint of the future
so when with the present perfect sometimes - the last point that I want to talk about
is that in American English people hardly use the present perfect they
replace it with the past simple so let's take a look at the examples I've listed
She has worked at that office for a year - in American English they would say she worked at that
office for a year - or Have you ever been to...
Canada ? - Have you ever been to Rome ? in American English - Did you ever go to
Canada ? - Did you ever go to Rome ? this is American English, the third example
I've just washed dishes or I just washed dishes in American English
So that's it for today. Thank you very much for watching if you have any
comments requests or if you want to post your own example of the present perfect
you may do so under this video. If you haven't subscribed to my channel please do so if you want to share the
lesson, please do so - One last thing if you want to watch a lesson on the present perfect or present perfect continuous you may
click here - Have a great day and see you next week !
For more infomation >> Pentatonix Star Kirstin Makes Solo Debut: Listen to Break a Little - tobymac - love broke thru - Duration: 1:17. 
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